Изменения

Перейти к: навигация, поиск

Канальный уровень

4099 байт добавлено, 16:41, 3 апреля 2015
Протоколы с возвратом на N
В реализации есть ещё одно нововведение: у сетевого уровня не всегда есть данные для передачи, поэтому он будет генерить событие, когда хочет что-то передавать. Также его можно выключить, чтобы он ничего не генерил, если у нас заполнено всё окно.
[[Файл: Networks 1.5 Protocol5.1.png]]
[[Файл: 2015-04-02-14-00-07_selection<code> /* Protocol 5 (pipelining) allows multiple outstanding frames.png]]The sender may transmit up to MAX_SEQ frames without waiting for an ack. In addition, unlike the previous protocols, the network layer is not assumed to have a new packet all the time. Instead, the network layer causes a network_layer_ready event when there is a packet to send. */
[[Файл: Networks #define MAX_SEQ 7 /* should be 2^n - 1*/ typedef enum {frame_arrival, cksum_err, timeout, network_layer_ready} event_type; #include "protocol.h" static boolean between(seq_nr a, seq_nr b, seq_nr c) { /* Return true if (a <=b < c circularly; false otherwise.5 Protocol5*/ if (((a <= b) && (b < c)) || ((c < a) && (a <= b)) || ((b < c) && (c < a))) return(true); else return(false); } static void send_data(seq_nr frame_nr, seq_nr frame_expected, packet buffer[]) { /* Construct and send a data frame.3*/ frame s; /* scratch variable */ s.pnginfo = buffer[frame_nr]; /* insert packet into frame */ s.seq = frame_nr; /* insert sequence number into frame */ s.ack = (frame_expected + MAX_SEQ) % (MAX_SEQ + 1); /* piggyback ack */ to_physical_layer(&s); /* transmit the frame */ start_timer(frame_nr); /* start the timer running */ } void protocol5(void) { seq_nr next_frame_to_send; /* MAX_SEQ > 1; used for outbound stream */ seq_nr ack_expected; /* oldest frame as yet unacknowledged */ seq_nr frame_expected; /* next frame expected on inbound stream */ frame r; /* scratch variable */ packet buffer[MAX_SEQ+1]; /* buffers for the outbound stream */ seq_nr nbuffered; /* # output buffers currently in use */ seq_nr i; /* used to index into the buffer array */ event_type event; enable_network_layer(); /* allow network_layer_ready events */ ack_expected = 0; /* next ack expected inbound */ next_frame_to_send = 0; /* next frame going out */ frame_expected = 0; /* number of frame expected inbound */ nbuffered = 0; /* initially no packets are buffered */
while (true) { wait_for_event(&event); /* four possibilities: see event_type above */ switch(event) { case network_layer_ready: /* the network layer has a packet to send */ /* Accept, save, and transmit a new frame. */ from_network_layer(&buffer[[Файлnext_frame_to_send]); /* fetch new packet */ nbuffered = nbuffered + 1; /* expand the sender's window */ send_data(next_frame_to_send, frame_expected, buffer); /* transmit the frame */ inc(next_frame_to_send); /* advance sender's upper window edge */ break; case frame_arrival: Networks /* a data or control frame has arrived */ from_physical_layer(&r); /* get incoming frame from physical layer */ if (r.seq == frame_expected) { /* Frames are accepted only in order. */ to_network_layer(&r.info); /* pass packet to network layer */ inc(frame_expected); /* advance lower edge of receiver's window */ } /* Ack n implies n - 1, n - 2, etc.5 Protocol5 Check for this.4*/ while (between(ack_expected, r.png]]ack, next_frame_to_send)) { /* Handle piggybacked ack. */ nbuffered = nbuffered - 1; /* one frame fewer buffered */ stop_timer(ack_expected); /* frame arrived intact; stop timer */ inc(ack_expected); /* contract sender's window */ } break; case cksum_err: ; /* just ignore bad frames */ break; case timeout: /* trouble; retransmit all outstanding frames */ next_frame_to_send = ack_expected; /* start retransmitting here */ for (i = 1; i <= nbuffered; i++) { send_data(next_frame_to_send, frame_expected, buffer); /* resend 1 frame */ inc(next_frame_to_send); /* prepare to send the next one */ } } if (nbuffered < MAX_SEQ) enable_network_layer(); else disable_network_layer(); } }</code>
==== Протоколы с выборочным повтором ====
170
правок

Навигация